Methods to improve the toughness of S420ML equivalent ASTM material

In steel standard JIS G3106, SM570 steel owned the highest yield strength above 460 Mpa, and the tensile strength within 570-720 Mpa. For SM570 steel, the C element content is 0.18%, the Si element content is 0.55% max, the Mn element content is 1.60% max, the P element content is 0.035% max, the S element content is 0.035% max. S420ML equivalent ASTM material, SM570 steel with thickness from 6mm-300mm,width from 1500mm-4000mm,length from 5000-16000mm.

The sulfur element (S element) comes from the ore and fuel coke of steelmaking. It is a harmful element in S420ML equivalent ASTM material etc. steel. Sulfur exists in steel in the form of iron sulfide (FeS). FeS and Fe form a low melting point (985℃) compound. The hot working temperature of steel is generally above 1150 - 1200℃, so when the steel is hot working, the premature melting of FeS compound causes the workpiece to crack, which is called "hot brittleness". It reduces ductility and toughness of steel and causes cracks during forging and rolling. Sulfur is also detrimental to welding performance and reduces corrosion resistance.

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